This page documents MIN Test Framework
Copyright © 2008 Nokia
Document Version 1.3
Online copy of this document (recent): http://min.sourceforge.net/doc/min.html
Documentation download page: https://garage.maemo.org/docman/?group_id=853
Project home page: http://garage.maemo.org/projects/min/
| Version | Date | Status | Comments
|
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | 17.12.2008 | Draft | Initial draft
|
| 1.1 | 20.01.2009 | Draft | Added chapter describing C++ modules
|
| 1.2 | 01.02.2009 | Draft | TeXinfo version draft
|
| 1.3 | 24.02.2009 | Draft | Complete TeXinfo version
|
Code, commandline input and output is written with the fixed-width font.
This chapter describes what the MIN Test Framework (MIN) is, and what are the program modules that MIN consist of.
MIN is a test harness for testing Linux non-UI components. This test framework can be used for both test case implementation and test cases execution.
MIN separates the actual test cases from the test case execution environment. It provides different user interfaces and a common reporting mechanism, and allows executing test cases simultaneously. This test framework contains user interfaces on the interface layer, MIN Engine on the engine layer and the test modules and tools on the test layer.
The console UI or an interface to a test automation tool can be used to start and monitor test case execution.
Test Engine is responsible for loading test modules and for executing the test cases.
Test cases are collected to separate modules, known as test modules, which are easy to implement.
MIN is not an automatic test case creator but allows you to concentrate on the actual test case implementation.
The architecture is divided into three main layers: the interface layer, the engine layer and the test layer. The arrows show the direction of the data flow.
Figure below shows an overview of the MIN architecture.
The architecture of MIN is modular. The interface between the modules is either a function call or IPC interface. There are no cyclic dependencies between the modules. The user interface module uses MIN Engine, MIN Engine uses Test Module Controller(s) and Test Module Controller uses test module.
Main modules are listed in Table below.
| Module | Type | Multiplicity | Implementation
|
|---|---|---|---|
| User Interface | Executable | One | Executable
|
| EXT interface | Executable | One | Executable
|
| Engine | Library | One | Static linked library
|
| Test Module Controller | Library | Several instances | Executable
|
| Test Modules | Library | Several separate libraries and several instances | Library (.so)
|
The MIN modules on the interface layer are described in Section MIN modules on the interface layer. The MIN Engine module on the engine layer is described in Section MIN module on the engine layer and the MIN modules on the test layer are described in Section MIN modules on the test layer.
Currently, three interfaces are supported in MIN:
The UI is used to start the test case execution. The UI can also show information about the test case progress to the user.
The interface modules have access to the engine functionality. There exists several asynchronous functions in Test Engine, and therefore the user interface has to handle several ongoing asynchronous requests.
The MIN Console UI is used to manually start the test case execution.
The command line interface can be used, for example, to execute all the test cases of all configured test module(s).
MIN Console UI is a menu-based console application, which can be used to manually execute test cases.
MIN Console UI can be seen in figure below.
The MIN EXT interface is used to start test case execution from for example, a test automation system.
Test Engine is the main module of MIN. It is responsible for loading test modules and for executing the test cases.
Test Engine provides an API for user (console UI or EXT interface) for executing test cases and loading the test modules. Test Engine can load several test modules and execute different test cases from separate test modules at the same time. Engine provides user (CUI or EXT - in the following chapter, both will be referred to as User) with functionalities for control of test execution and test result collection.
Engine and User interface run in same process, divided into threads servicing user's requests and commands, and communication with "test module" layer of the system. This process also spawns, by means of fork( ) system call, new processes for each needed Test Module Controller. Later on, it controls those processes and communicates with them, to facilitate test execution and result reception.
Main interface for communication between Engine and Test Module Controller processes is POSIX message queue. One thread in Engine is polling queue continuously for messages addressed to engine (from Test Module Controllers). Functions that send messages to queue run also in other Engine's thread, enabling control of test execution by User.
Communication with User is realized by function interface, since physically engine is statically linked library, compiled into one executable with User interface.
Test Engine uses the initialization file of MIN for its initial parameters. This initialization file also contains a preloading list of the test modules that are used to automatically load and initialize the test modules on the MIN startup.
Test Engine generates its own test report that can be used to analyze the test case progress after the test cases have been executed. Test Engine also creates a log file that contains detailed information about the operations that are performed in a MIN Engine.
Test Engine keeps a list of test modules, as well as a list of available test cases from the modules. There is also data for every run of each test case, to facilitate test results logging/display and report generation.
The test layer consists of the following modules:
Figure below shows how the MIN test layer modules are placed in the MIN architecture.
For each test case, there exists one Test Module Controller that gets requests from MIN Engine and either handles the requests itself or calls the corresponding function from the test module. For example, a request to execute a test case causes a function call to the test module and a request to stop the test case is handled inside Test Module Controller.
Test cases are collected to separate modules, known as test modules.
The test module is a library, which implements the MIN Test Module API. The most important function in that interface is int tm_run_test_case( unsigned int id, const char *cfg_file, TestCaseResult *result), which executes the test case and returns the test case result.
The MIN services interface from the test module to MIN provides synchronous operations for the test module. For example, printing from the test module is implemented inside a synchronous function that causes a synchronous request to be completed inside Test Module Controller.
Currently, three different test module types are supported in MIN:
MIN Test Module Template Wizard provides test module templates for test module creation. The possible test module template types of MIN are:
There is a test module template for Hardcoded module (min/TestModuleTemplates/ HardCodedTestModuleXXX). It contains some ready made test cases for MIN try-out purposes.
Figure below shows how Hardcoded test modules are situated in MIN.
When using the normal test module template type, an empty test module is created. Test cases for a normal type of test module can be freely implemented, and this template enables the implementing of unique type of test cases and the use of old test cases as the basis. Figue below shows where the normal test module is situated in MIN. The normal test module and its test case file are with italic font in the figure.
The MINUnit test module differs from Hardcoded test module mainly in the syntax of test case definition. MINUnit is an implementation of XUnit testing framework (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XUnit). The MINUnit test module supports assert macros as well as test fixtures setup and cleanup. See MIN Reference Guide for instructions on how to create a test case for MINUnit test module.
Figure below shows where the MINUnit test module is situated in MIN.
MIN Parser can be used when there is a need to parse a test module's test case files or a test module's initialization files. By providing a common parser in MIN, it can obtain better control of the test case behavior. For more information on MIN Parser, see Using MIN Parser for test data parsing.
The purpose of MIN Logger is to get information from the modules in order to write different log files or to send information to another data store via, for example, Bluetooth. By offering a common logger in MIN, logging can be controlled.
Test modules can also use their own logging mechanisms, but it is preferred that the new test code use MIN Logger.
For more information about MIN Logger, see Using MIN Logger for logging purposes.
MIN Event System enables synchronization between the test cases/modules through convenient interface. The MIN Event System has two types of events: state events and indication events. State events are used to indicate that some state is active / inactive. Test process can set and unset a state event. Indication events are used to indicate that some event happened; an indication event can only be set.
MIN Event System can be used to synchronize test case execution. The high-level part of MIN Event System is implemented inside Test Engine and the low-level part inside Test Module Controller.
For more information about MIN Event System, see Using MIN Event System for test cases synchronization.
MIN provides generic Text interface to manipulate strings without knowledge about the amount of memory needed to store particular string. Text interface will grow or shrink, depending on situation.
For more details check Min Text interface.
The following features are currently supported:
This chapter describes how MIN can be taken into use.
Unzip the MIN package.
$ unzip MIN<year>w<week>.zip
Go to the package newly created directory.
$ cd MIN<year>w<week>/min
To build MIN, type:
$ sh build.sh
To Install MIN, type:
$ sudo make install
After these steps you should have MIN and tmc binaries in the /usr/bin directory and a default min.conf in /etc.
To start MIN, type:
$ min (uses the default min.conf from /etc)
When starting MIN, the tool searches min.conf file from following locations:
/home/<user name>/.min
/etc
Use Test Module Wizard to generate new Test Module, as instructed in Creating test module templates. When building generated module, it is automatically added to ~/.min/min.conf file.
MIN release includes metadata for creating Debian packages. The min and min-dev packages can be created with dpkg-buildpackage in the release min/ directory.
$ cd tags/<YYYY>w<WW>
$ dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot
After running the command, min and min-dev packages should appear in the parent directory.
$ ls ../*.deb
../min_2008w50_i386.deb ../min-dev_2008w50_i386.deb
The MIN package install binaries (to /usr/bin), and a demo test library (to /usr/lib/min). The min-dev package contains Test Module Wizard and header and libraries needed to build MIN test modules.
After installing MIN package there should be min and tmc binaries in /usr/bin directory and a default min.conf in /etc/.
The recommended way is to create a debian package in Scratchbox and install it to hardware.
Alternatively MIN must be compiled in Scratchbox and following binaries have to be copied into the hardware:
min/src/main/min.bin to /usr/bin/
min/src/main/min to /usr/bin/
min/src/tmc/tmc to /usr/bin/
min/conf/min.conf to /etc/
Your_test_library.so to /home/<user name>/.min/
Note: The location of these files must match the paths in min.conf file.
MIN has an initialization file that is used to set the MIN functionality. Currently initialization file contains paths for searching test modules and configuration files, defaults for MIN logger and the used test modules.
An example of the initialization file is shown below.
[Engine_Defaults]
ModSearchPath=/usr/lib/min
ModSearchPath=$HOME/.min
Debugger=gdbtui
[End_Defaults]
[New_Module]
ModuleName=/home/user/.min/exampleModule.so
TestCaseFile=/home/user/.min/Example.cfg
[End_Module]
[New_Module]
ModuleName=example2
[End_Module]
[Logger_Defaults]
EmulatorBasePath=/tmp
EmulatorFormat=TXT
EmulatorOutput=FILE SYSLOG
ThreadIdToLogFile=NO
[End_Logger_Defaults]
Table below shows the possible settings in the min.conf file.
| Tag | Description | Optional/Required
|
|---|---|---|
| TmcBinPath | Path of TMC (absolute path, detected automatically) | Optional
|
| ModuleName | Path of test library/libraries (absolute path if the module is not in a location specified in ModSearchPaths) | Required
|
| ConfigFile TestCaseFile | A configuration / test case file where the test cases are defined. There can be several configuration / test case files for one test module | Optional
|
| Debugger | Debugger used for test case debugging. Defaults to gdb, if not specified.
| Optional
|
Table below shows the possible logger settings in the min.conf file.
| Tag | Description | Optional/Required
|
|---|---|---|
| EmulatorBasePath | Directory that will be used for logger output. | Optional
|
| EmulatorFormat | Output format, can be either TXT or HTML. Can be also both of them. | Optional
|
| EmulatorOutput | Output facility, can be NULL, FILE, SYSLOG, STDOUT or STDERR. (Note: do not use STDOUT or STDERR with consoleUI.) | Optional
|
| ThreadIdToLogFile | Indicates if PID should be a part of output file name | Optional
|
| CreateLogDirectories | Indicates if logger output directory should be created if not exists, possible values are YES or NO | Optional
|
| WithTimeStamp | Indicates if time stamp should be added to the log messages, possible values are YES or NO | Optional
|
| WithLineBreak | Indicates if line breaks should be added, possible values are YES or NO | Optional
|
| FileCreationMode | File creation mode, possible values are APPEND or OVERWRITE | Optional
|
| LogLevel | LogLevel value, can be one of following: Trace, Debug, Notice, Info, Warning, Error, Fatal | Optional, default value is Info.
|
MIN searches for module configurations (files containing [New_Module] ... [End_Module] definitions) also from directory /etc/min.d. The idea is that if test modules are implemented for example as Debian packages, the min.conf does not need to be patched during the package (un)install.
This chapter describes how the MIN interface modules (MIN Console UI and the MIN EXT interface) can be used for test cases execution.
MIN Console UI can be executed in normal text console.
Note: MIN Console UI requires the Ncurses library.
The MIN Console UI application provides a simple way to show test cases to the tester. It also shows to the tester the progress of ongoing test cases and the results of the executed test cases.
MIN Console UI is a menu-based application. Navigation in the menu is perfomed with arrow keys. In addition to “right arrow” key the “return” can be used for selecting items.
MIN has several command line parameters.
-c.
All test module templates have their version and type compiled-in. It is possible, by using a command line switch, to have that data printed on the screen.
$ min --info .min/mutestmodule.so
Module Type: Module Version: Build date:
MINUnit 200830 Jun 16 2009 14:48:21
Cases:
mutestmodule_1
mutestmodule_2
Similar information can be also seen from the syslog output when the module is loaded
Jun 16 14:48:54 ubuntu [24392]: INFO MIN 024392 tllib.c:0213:tl_open() Module: MINUnit, Version: 200830, Build: Jun 16 2009 14:48:21
To start the MIN Console UI from the command line, type (note that MIN have to be installed):
min
When starting MIN, it searches min.conf file from following locations:
/home/<user name>/.min
/etc
All menus are lists where pressing the Arrow down key changes the position down by one menu item and the Arrow up key changes the position up by one item. If the end of the list is reached, the position is changed to the beginning of the list, and vice versa.
A menu item is selected using the Arrow right key.
The Arrow left key is used to navigate back to the previous menu.
Selecting Exit in the main menu closes MIN Console UI.
To load module, which is not automatically loaded when starting MIN, go to Module menu, and choose option Add test module. List of available modules should appear, with module files in /usr/lib/min and ~/.min/ directories. When the module is selected, there will be list of test case files in the same directories, multiple files may be marked to be added, when this is ready choose Add selected test case file(s) option. Message "Module added" is shown and module along with selected test cases is ready to use.
Note: Using Add test module menu will work only for current run of Console UI, to add module permanently, use min.conf file. See Configuring MIN via the MIN Test Framework initialization file.
To start a single test case, go to Start new case under the Case menu and select a particular case from the list. MIN Console UI starts to execute the chosen test case. A new test case can be started while another is still executed. When several cases are executed at the same time, they are executed in separate processes.
To start multiple test cases, go to Run multiple tests under the Case menu and select/mark test cases to be executed from the list and run selected test case either sequentially or in parallel.
The Case menu offers a list of Ongoing cases, Executed cases, Passed cases, Failed cases and Aborted/Crashed cases. When selecting one of these, a list of the cases is shown on the display. The list is updated whenever the test case status is changed. For example, when a case is finished, it is moved from the Ongoing cases list to either the list of passed or failed cases, depending on the result of the test case.
When selecting a case from the Ongoing cases list, a new menu is shown that allows aborting or to suspend the test case execution, or resume the execution in case it was suspended.
To view the test case output, select a case from any of the case lists. A new operation-specific menu is shown. By selecting View Output, the user will see the test case output.
By pressing any key, the focus is returned to the previous menu.
To debug a test case, go to Start case in debugger under the Case menu and select the case you want to debug from list. MIN leaves ncurses temprorarily, starts the selected test case and attaches debugger (configured in min.conf) file to the test process running the case. The execution should stop in a sleep() function just before the test function is called. Note that in order to succesfully return the execution back to MIN ConsoleUI, you should detach the debugger latest at the end of test function. The following example shows how to enter test case implemented with function test_1.
Test case is selected from Start case in debugger menu. Execution leaves console UI and enters the debugger.
New Thread 0xb7e6e6b0 (LWP 20196)]
Loaded symbols for /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libpthread.so.0
0xb804d7d2 in ?? () from /lib/ld-linux.so.2
Set breakpoint to test case function.
(gdb) b test_1
Breakpoint 1 at 0xb8048b33: file ./src/hcCases.c, line 88.
Continue execution to break point.
(gdb) c
Continuing.
[Switching to Thread 0xb7e6e6b0 (LWP 20196)]
Breakpoint 1, test_1 (tcr=0xbfd68380) at ./src/hcCases.c:88
88
When done with debugging detach from test process.
(gdb) det
Detaching from program: /usr/bin/tmc, process 20196
And quit debugger in order to return to Console UI.
(gdb) q
The MIN Console UI application can be used to create a test set containing a set of test cases that can be run either sequentially or in parallel. MIN Console UI supports one test set at a time, but a different test set can be loaded via Load test set menu, which specifies the test set name.
Test set controlling is handled from the Test set menu that can be found from the main menu of MIN Console UI. The Test set menu provides the possibility to create or load a test set, or to control a test set (add/remove test cases, save, remove or execute test set).
The saved test name is created using time stamp date and time for example 2008-1-23,14:52.set. The default path for test sets is /home/<username>/.min. This is the location to which test sets are saved and from which they are loaded.
MIN can execute test cases also directly from the command line. User can tell MIN not to start the console UI with --console (or -c) command line switch. If -c is the only switch MIN executes all the test cases in all the modules configured in the min.conf file. MIN can also be instructed to omit the module definitions in min.conf and execute the cases from a test module specified on the command line with switch --execute (or -x).
$ min --console --execute /usr/lib/min/minDemoModule.so
message from "Demo_1": this is from the Demo module
02:34:36 Passed /usr/lib/min/minDemoModule.so:"Demo_1" - PASSED
message from "Demo_2": this is from case Demo_2
02:34:41 Passed /usr/lib/min/minDemoModule.so:"Demo_2" - PASSED
Note that it's possible to pass also one or more configuration files to the test module from command line.
In case there are printouts from test case, those are also shown.
If the -x switch is used without the -c switch the console UI is started, but only the test module specified on the command line is visible in the menus.
Similarly with switches -t and -r, only the test cases with title matching the given title or regular expression are shown.
$ min -cr Demo_[1-2]
message from "Demo_1": this is from the Demo module
02:40:22 Passed minDemoModule.so:"Demo_1" - PASSED
message from "Demo_2": This is from case Demo_2
02:40:28 Passed minDemoModule.so:"Demo_2" - PASSED
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and/or dedications given therein.
L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section
may not be included in the Modified Version.
N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements"
or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
standard.
You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History"
in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
"History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements",
and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections
Entitled "Endorsements".
6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright
resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not
apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
derivative works of the Document.
If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
aggregate.
8. TRANSLATION
Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
the original English version of this License and the original versions
of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between
the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
"Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
title.
9. TERMINATION
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to
copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
parties remain in full compliance.
10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions
of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new
versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
the License in the document and put the following copyright and
license notices just after the title page:
Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
Texts.
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
Free Documentation License".
If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
situation.
If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
to permit their use in free software.